승인 완료된 사항 (Accepted)
종료된 사항 (Deprecated)
참고자료
PSR-4-autoloader-examples
다음 예는 PSR-4에 호환하는 코드입니다.
역자주: 사실상 오토로더는 컴포저로 대동단결 되었기 때문에 직접 구현하시기 보다는 컴포저를 사용하시는 것을 추천합니다Closure 예제
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<?php
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/**
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* An example of a project-specific implementation.
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*
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* After registering this autoload function with SPL, the following line
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* would cause the function to attempt to load the \Foo\Bar\Baz\Qux class
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* from /path/to/project/src/Baz/Qux.php:
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*
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* new \Foo\Bar\Baz\Qux;
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*
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* @param string $class The fully-qualified class name.
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* @return void
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*/
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spl_autoload_register(function ($class) {
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// project-specific namespace prefix
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$prefix = 'Foo\\Bar\\';
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// base directory for the namespace prefix
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$base_dir = __DIR__ . '/src/';
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// does the class use the namespace prefix?
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$len = strlen($prefix);
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if (strncmp($prefix, $class, $len) !== 0) {
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// no, move to the next registered autoloader
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return;
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}
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// get the relative class name
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$relative_class = substr($class, $len);
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// replace the namespace prefix with the base directory, replace namespace
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// separators with directory separators in the relative class name, append
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// with .php
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$file = $base_dir . str_replace('\\', '/', $relative_class) . '.php';
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// if the file exists, require it
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if (file_exists($file)) {
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require $file;
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}
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});
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Class 예제
다음은 네임스페이스를 활용하여 여러 클래스를 처리하기위한 클래스 구현의 예제입니다.
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<?php
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namespace Example;
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/**
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* An example of a general-purpose implementation that includes the optional
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* functionality of allowing multiple base directories for a single namespace
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* prefix.
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*
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* Given a foo-bar package of classes in the file system at the following
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* paths ...
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*
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* /path/to/packages/foo-bar/
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* src/
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* Baz.php # Foo\Bar\Baz
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* Qux/
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* Quux.php # Foo\Bar\Qux\Quux
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* tests/
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* BazTest.php # Foo\Bar\BazTest
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* Qux/
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* QuuxTest.php # Foo\Bar\Qux\QuuxTest
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*
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* ... add the path to the class files for the \Foo\Bar\ namespace prefix
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* as follows:
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*
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* <?php
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* // instantiate the loader
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* $loader = new \Example\Psr4AutoloaderClass;
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*
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* // register the autoloader
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* $loader->register();
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*
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* // register the base directories for the namespace prefix
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* $loader->addNamespace('Foo\Bar', '/path/to/packages/foo-bar/src');
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* $loader->addNamespace('Foo\Bar', '/path/to/packages/foo-bar/tests');
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*
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* The following line would cause the autoloader to attempt to load the
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* \Foo\Bar\Qux\Quux class from /path/to/packages/foo-bar/src/Qux/Quux.php:
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*
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* <?php
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* new \Foo\Bar\Qux\Quux;
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*
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* The following line would cause the autoloader to attempt to load the
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* \Foo\Bar\Qux\QuuxTest class from /path/to/packages/foo-bar/tests/Qux/QuuxTest.php:
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*
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* <?php
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* new \Foo\Bar\Qux\QuuxTest;
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*/
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class Psr4AutoloaderClass
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{
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/**
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* An associative array where the key is a namespace prefix and the value
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* is an array of base directories for classes in that namespace.
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*
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* @var array
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*/
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protected $prefixes = array();
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/**
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* Register loader with SPL autoloader stack.
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*
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* @return void
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*/
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public function register()
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{
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spl_autoload_register(array($this, 'loadClass'));
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}
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/**
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* Adds a base directory for a namespace prefix.
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*
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* @param string $prefix The namespace prefix.
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* @param string $base_dir A base directory for class files in the
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* namespace.
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* @param bool $prepend If true, prepend the base directory to the stack
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* instead of appending it; this causes it to be searched first rather
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* than last.
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* @return void
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*/
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public function addNamespace($prefix, $base_dir, $prepend = false)
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{
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// normalize namespace prefix
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$prefix = trim($prefix, '\\') . '\\';
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// normalize the base directory with a trailing separator
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$base_dir = rtrim($base_dir, DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR) . '/';
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// initialize the namespace prefix array
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if (isset($this->prefixes[$prefix]) === false) {
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$this->prefixes[$prefix] = array();
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}
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// retain the base directory for the namespace prefix
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if ($prepend) {
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array_unshift($this->prefixes[$prefix], $base_dir);
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} else {
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array_push($this->prefixes[$prefix], $base_dir);
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}
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}
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/**
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* Loads the class file for a given class name.
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*
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* @param string $class The fully-qualified class name.
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* @return mixed The mapped file name on success, or boolean false on
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* failure.
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*/
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public function loadClass($class)
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{
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// the current namespace prefix
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$prefix = $class;
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// work backwards through the namespace names of the fully-qualified
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// class name to find a mapped file name
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while (false !== $pos = strrpos($prefix, '\\')) {
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// retain the trailing namespace separator in the prefix
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$prefix = substr($class, 0, $pos + 1);
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// the rest is the relative class name
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$relative_class = substr($class, $pos + 1);
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// try to load a mapped file for the prefix and relative class
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$mapped_file = $this->loadMappedFile($prefix, $relative_class);
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if ($mapped_file) {
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return $mapped_file;
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}
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// remove the trailing namespace separator for the next iteration
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// of strrpos()
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$prefix = rtrim($prefix, '\\');
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}
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// never found a mapped file
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return false;
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}
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/**
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* Load the mapped file for a namespace prefix and relative class.
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*
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* @param string $prefix The namespace prefix.
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* @param string $relative_class The relative class name.
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* @return mixed Boolean false if no mapped file can be loaded, or the
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* name of the mapped file that was loaded.
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*/
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protected function loadMappedFile($prefix, $relative_class)
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{
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// are there any base directories for this namespace prefix?
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if (isset($this->prefixes[$prefix]) === false) {
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return false;
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}
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// look through base directories for this namespace prefix
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foreach ($this->prefixes[$prefix] as $base_dir) {
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// replace the namespace prefix with the base directory,
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// replace namespace separators with directory separators
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// in the relative class name, append with .php
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$file = $base_dir
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. str_replace('\\', '/', $relative_class)
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. '.php';
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// if the mapped file exists, require it
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if ($this->requireFile($file)) {
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// yes, we're done
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return $file;
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}
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}
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// never found it
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return false;
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}
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/**
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* If a file exists, require it from the file system.
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*
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* @param string $file The file to require.
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* @return bool True if the file exists, false if not.
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*/
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protected function requireFile($file)
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{
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if (file_exists($file)) {
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require $file;
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return true;
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}
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return false;
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}
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}
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Unit Tests
다음 예제는 위의 클래스 로더를 단위 테스트하는 방법의 한 가지입니다.
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<?php
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namespace Example\Tests;
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class MockPsr4AutoloaderClass extends Psr4AutoloaderClass
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{
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protected $files = array();
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public function setFiles(array $files)
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{
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$this->files = $files;
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}
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protected function requireFile($file)
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{
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return in_array($file, $this->files);
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}
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}
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class Psr4AutoloaderClassTest extends \PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
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{
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protected $loader;
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protected function setUp()
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{
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$this->loader = new MockPsr4AutoloaderClass;
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$this->loader->setFiles(array(
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'/vendor/foo.bar/src/ClassName.php',
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'/vendor/foo.bar/src/DoomClassName.php',
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'/vendor/foo.bar/tests/ClassNameTest.php',
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'/vendor/foo.bardoom/src/ClassName.php',
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'/vendor/foo.bar.baz.dib/src/ClassName.php',
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'/vendor/foo.bar.baz.dib.zim.gir/src/ClassName.php',
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));
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$this->loader->addNamespace(
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'Foo\Bar',
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'/vendor/foo.bar/src'
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);
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$this->loader->addNamespace(
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'Foo\Bar',
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'/vendor/foo.bar/tests'
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);
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$this->loader->addNamespace(
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'Foo\BarDoom',
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'/vendor/foo.bardoom/src'
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);
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$this->loader->addNamespace(
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'Foo\Bar\Baz\Dib',
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'/vendor/foo.bar.baz.dib/src'
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);
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$this->loader->addNamespace(
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'Foo\Bar\Baz\Dib\Zim\Gir',
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'/vendor/foo.bar.baz.dib.zim.gir/src'
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);
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}
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public function testExistingFile()
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{
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$actual = $this->loader->loadClass('Foo\Bar\ClassName');
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$expect = '/vendor/foo.bar/src/ClassName.php';
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$this->assertSame($expect, $actual);
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$actual = $this->loader->loadClass('Foo\Bar\ClassNameTest');
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$expect = '/vendor/foo.bar/tests/ClassNameTest.php';
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$this->assertSame($expect, $actual);
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}
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public function testMissingFile()
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{
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$actual = $this->loader->loadClass('No_Vendor\No_Package\NoClass');
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$this->assertFalse($actual);
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}
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public function testDeepFile()
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{
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$actual = $this->loader->loadClass('Foo\Bar\Baz\Dib\Zim\Gir\ClassName');
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$expect = '/vendor/foo.bar.baz.dib.zim.gir/src/ClassName.php';
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$this->assertSame($expect, $actual);
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}
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public function testConfusion()
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{
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$actual = $this->loader->loadClass('Foo\Bar\DoomClassName');
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$expect = '/vendor/foo.bar/src/DoomClassName.php';
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$this->assertSame($expect, $actual);
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$actual = $this->loader->loadClass('Foo\BarDoom\ClassName');
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$expect = '/vendor/foo.bardoom/src/ClassName.php';
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$this->assertSame($expect, $actual);
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}
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}
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